![]() Now get some practice by downloading the workbook and leave a comment or shoot me an email if you’ve got any questions. That brings us to the end of part 3 of the Read Music in 20 minutes Crash Course. And the job of the flat is to lower the note by a semitone. The job of the sharp is to raise the note by a semitone. For example: The musical alphabet consists of 12 semitones. These terms are important as they come up over and over again in music theory. A tone is the distance between any two notes that have one intervening note in between. The ‘tone’, on the other hand, is the distance of two semitones. It’s the distance between any two notes that are immediately next to each other. ‘ Semitone’ is the name for smallest distance possible on the keyboard. This is especially important because sharps and flats remain in function for the whole measure – the natural is useful to take the note back to its original state.Īccidentals are always written to the left of the note head: As its name implies, its job is to cancel out any sharps or flats that have appeared before it – moving the note back to the white (natural) key. For now it’s enough to simply be aware of it. The distinction between the possible spellings of a note will be important later as we construct scales and build chords. B flat and A sharp are also enharmonic equivalents. C sharp and D flat from our last example are enharmonic equivalents. The term for having different spellings for one sound is known as “ Enharmonic equivalents”. So a step up from C, for example, is C sharp and a step down from D is D flat – even though we end up on the same note. A sharp raises any note by one step while the flat lowers it. The reason that a note can have two different names (or spellings) is because of how sharps and flats work. 7 keys named from A to G and 5 black keys named either with sharps or flats. So the complete musical alphabet consists of 12 notes. And if we want to get to the note below B, we simply put a flat next to it and we get to the note B flat: So if we take the note E and put a flat next to it, we get to the black key below it and we call it E flat. On the other hand, the job of the flat is to lower a note by one piano key (that is, one step). If we take the note F and put a sharp next to it, we get to the note above it and we call it F sharp: So if we take the note C and sharpen it, we get to the black key above it and we call this note C sharp. We call this oval-shaped part of a note ‘ the note head ’. ![]() It’s like a small oval-shaped zero or letter O, which is a good way to think of it when you first begin writing music. The symbol is similar to the hashtag but not exactly the same: Semibreve (Whole Note) The first note is called a semibreve, or in the US, it’s called a ‘ whole note. The job of the sharp is to raise a note by one key (or we can say, by one step). The black keys are named using one of 2 symbols known as accidentals: the sharp or the flat. ![]()
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